Kadena is a Layer 1 blockchain that strives to be both enterprise-ready and developer-friendly. It leverages a unique consensus mechanism called Chainweb, which employs a braided chain architecture to achieve high throughput and low fees. Furthermore, Kadena introduces a novel smart contract language called Pact, specifically designed to enhance security and efficiency compared to other existing smart contract languages.
What is Kadena?
Kadena is a blockchain platform that was established in 2016. It offers secure and scalable solutions tailored for businesses and developers. Kadena differentiates itself by utilizing a distinctive blend of public and private blockchains, effectively addressing the limitations of conventional blockchain systems. At the heart of Kadena lies the Chainweb protocol, a groundbreaking technology that interconnects multiple chains. This unique architecture enhances the platform's capacity to handle many transactions securely and efficiently.
The Kadena team
Kadena was founded by Stuart Popejoy and Will Martino, both possessing significant expertise in the blockchain industry. Popejoy, a former executive at JPMorgan Chase, played a pivotal role in developing the bank's initial blockchain solutions. Martino, previously a lawyer, served as the chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission's Crypto Committee. United by their shared vision, Popejoy and Martino set out to create a blockchain platform that would excel in scalability and security, surpassing the capabilities of existing platforms.
How does Kadena work?
Kadena operates on a unique infrastructure that enables it to handle thousands of transactions per second while ensuring security. The network utilizes a consensus mechanism known as Proof of Work (PoW), similar to Bitcoin (BTC). Miners participate in a competitive process where they solve complex mathematical problems to validate and add blocks to the blockchain. The first miner to successfully solve a problem is rewarded with KDA tokens. These tokens hold value and can be traded for other cryptocurrencies or utilized for making purchases within the network.
Kadena’s native token: KDA
KDA is the primary token within the Kadena network. It is the native currency for various activities and transactions on the platform. The mining process involves solving intricate mathematical problems to enhance network security and prevent malicious attacks, allowing individuals to acquire KDA tokens. Users can utilize KDA to pay for transaction fees when engaging with the Kadena network.
KDA tokenomics
Kadena currently has a circulating supply of 167,257,413 KDA tokens, with a maximum total supply set at 1,000,000,000 KDA tokens. The creators of Kadena have meticulously crafted tokenomics to establish a system that promotes fairness and equity within the network.
KDA use cases
KDA has several potential use cases, and as the Kadena ecosystem expands, new applications may emerge. Presently, KDA can be utilized to develop and launch decentralized finance (DeFi) applications. It can also be employed in the creation and trading of non-fungible tokens (NFT). Furthermore, KDA has the potential to facilitate supply chain tracking for goods and services, as well as power gaming applications.
Distribution of KDA
The distribution of KDA tokens is as follows:
Seventy percent is allocated to mining rewards, incentivizing network participation, and securing the blockchain.
Ten percent is allocated to the team and advisors, recognizing their contributions to the project's development and success.
Ten percent is allotted for ecosystem development, fostering the growth and expansion of the Kadena ecosystem.
Ten percent is reserved for the foundation.
What does the future hold for Kadena
Kadena is an exciting and promising blockchain project that has the potential to revolutionize our utilization of the internet. While still in its early stages, the project has made significant advancements and demonstrated its capabilities. Supported by a talented team of developers and advisors, Kadena is well-positioned to achieve long-term success in the blockchain industry.
As the project continues to evolve, it is expected to bring forth innovative solutions and contribute to the advancement of decentralized technologies, shaping the future of how we interact with the internet.
Kadena’s core consensus mechanism is Chainweb, a proof-of-work (PoW) model designed to address the scalability, speed, and energy efficiency challenges typically associated with traditional PoW blockchains. Key Features of Kadena's Consensus Mechanism: 1. Chainweb Protocol: Parallel Blockchains: Kadena uses a unique multi-chain architecture where multiple PoW chains operate in parallel. These chains are connected in such a way that they optimize network throughput and minimize cross-chain transaction complexity. Increased Throughput: The parallel chain design allows Kadena to process more transactions simultaneously, significantly increasing the overall throughput compared to single-chain systems. Cross-Chain Validation: Each chain includes block hashes from its peer chains in its header, enabling trustless validation of cross-chain transactions and ensuring consistency across the entire network. 2. Proof of Work (PoW): Security and Trust: Kadena leverages PoW, where miners solve cryptographic puzzles to validate transactions and add blocks to the chains. This provides a high level of security and trustlessness to the network. Energy Efficiency: While PoW traditionally requires significant energy, Kadena optimizes this by using parallel chains, reducing the computational load on individual chains and making the network more energy-efficient compared to traditional PoW blockchains. 3. Transaction Speed and Finality: Optimized Transactions: Kadena’s parallel chains enable faster transaction processing and lower costs compared to traditional PoW systems. Each chain’s reliance on peer chain block hashes ensures secure and fast finality.
奖励机制与相应费用
Kadena's incentive model ensures network security and scalability through mining rewards and transaction fees. Incentive Mechanism: 1. Mining Rewards: Block Rewards: Miners earn Kadena’s native cryptocurrency (KDA) for validating transactions and adding blocks to the Chainweb network. Each chain mints its own coin, but all chains use KDA. Cross-Chain Mining: Miners participate in securing multiple chains simultaneously, earning rewards from each. 2. Transaction Fees: Fee Distribution: Transaction fees are paid to miners who process transactions, incentivizing them to maintain the network. Transaction Prioritization: Higher fees incentivize miners to prioritize transactions during high network demand. 3. Unified Token: KDA is used across all chains for transaction fees, mining rewards, and smart contracts, simplifying the ecosystem. 4. Smart Contracts: Developers can use KDA within dApps, creating additional incentives for participation and interaction. Applicable Fees: 1. Transaction Fees: Fees are calculated based on the resources required for the transaction, with fluctuations based on network demand. Kadena offers low and predictable fees. 2. Smart Contract Execution: Kadena’s Pact smart contracts charge fees for execution, which vary based on contract complexity. Execution costs are low compared to networks like Ethereum. 3. Network Fees: Kadena’s multi-chain architecture allows for scalable transactions with lower costs, benefiting businesses and developers.
信息披露时间段的开始日期
2024-03-12
信息披露时间段的结束日期
2025-03-12
能源报告
能源消耗
2599714073.29589 (kWh/a)
可再生能源消耗
15.116111393 (%)
能源强度
1.87434 (kWh)
主要能源来源与评估体系
To determine the proportion of renewable energy usage, the locations of the nodes are to be determined using public information sites, open-source crawlers and crawlers developed in-house. If no information is available on the geographic distribution of the nodes, reference networks are used which are comparable in terms of their incentivization structure and consensus mechanism. This geo-information is merged with public information from the European Environment Agency (EEA) and thus determined.
能源消耗来源与评估体系
For the calculation of energy consumptions, the so called “top-down” approach is being used, within which an economic calculation of the miners is assumed. Miners are persons or devices that actively participate in the proof-of-work consensus mechanism. The miners are considered to be the central factor for the energy consumption of the network. Hardware is pre-selected based on the consensus mechanism's hash algorithm: SHA256ASICBOOST. A current profitability threshold is determined on the basis of the revenue and cost structure for mining operations. Only Hardware above the profitability threshold is considered for the network. The energy consumption of the network can be determined by taking into account the distribution for the hardware, the efficiency levels for operating the hardware and on-chain information regarding the miners' revenue opportunities. If significant use of merge mining is known, this is taken into account. When calculating the energy consumption, we used - if available - the Functionally Fungible Group Digital Token Identifier (FFG DTI) to determine all implementations of the asset of question in scope and we update the mappings regulary, based on data of the Digital Token Identifier Foundation.
排放报告
DLT 温室气体排放范围一：可控排放
0.00000 (tCO2e/a)
DLT 温室气体排放范围二：外购排放
1071071.95878 (tCO2e/a)
温室气体排放强度
0.77222 (kgCO2e)
主要温室气体来源与评估体系
To determine the GHG Emissions, the locations of the nodes are to be determined using public information sites, open-source crawlers and crawlers developed in-house. If no information is available on the geographic distribution of the nodes, reference networks are used which are comparable in terms of their incentivization structure and consensus mechanism. This geo-information is merged with public information from the European Environment Agency (EEA) and thus determined.
社媒平台热度